C++ 中placement new 操作符使用方法
C++ 中placement new 操作符使用方法
placement new操作符能夠在分配內(nèi)存時(shí)指定內(nèi)存位置。下面的程序使用了placement new操作符和常規(guī)new操作符給對(duì)象分配內(nèi)存。
// placenew.cpp -- new, placement new, no delete #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <new> using namespace std; const int BUF = 512; class JustTesting { private: string words; int number; public: JustTesting(const string &s = "Just Testing", int n = 0) { words = s; number = n; cout << words << " constructed\n"; } ~JustTesting() { cout << words << " destroyed\n"; } void Show() const { cout << words << ", " << number << endl; } }; int main(void) { char *buffer = new char [BUF]; // get a block of memory JustTesting *pc1, *pc2; pc1 = new (buffer)JustTesting; // place object in buffer pc2 = new JustTesting("heap1", 20); // place object on heap cout << "Memory block address:\n" << "buffer: " << (void *)buffer << " heap: " << pc2 << endl; cout << "Memory contents: \n"; cout << pc1 << ": "; pc1->Show(); cout << pc2 << ": "; pc2->Show(); JustTesting *pc3, *pc4; pc3 = new (buffer) JustTesting("bad Idea", 6); pc4 = new JustTesting("Heap2", 10); cout << "Memory contents: \n"; cout << pc3 << ": "; pc3->Show(); cout << pc4 << ": "; pc4->Show(); delete pc2; // free heap1 delete pc4; // free heap2 delete [] buffer; // free buffer cout << "Done\n"; return 0; }
執(zhí)行結(jié)果:
[root@localhost 桌面]# ./new Just Testing constructed heap1 constructed Memory block address: buffer: 0x936a008 heap: 0x936a248 Memory contents: 0x936a008: Just Testing, 0 0x936a248: heap1, 20 bad Idea constructed Heap2 constructed Memory contents: 0x936a008: bad Idea, 6 0x936a290: Heap2, 10 heap1 destroyed Heap2 destroyed Done
上面的程序使用placement new操作時(shí)存在兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。首先,在創(chuàng)建第二個(gè)對(duì)象時(shí),placement new操作符使用一個(gè)新對(duì)象來(lái)覆蓋用于第一個(gè)對(duì)象的內(nèi)存單元。顯然,如果類動(dòng)態(tài)地為其成員分配內(nèi)存,這將引發(fā)問(wèn)題。
其次,將delete用于pc2和pc4時(shí),將自動(dòng)調(diào)用為pc2和pc4指向的對(duì)象調(diào)用析構(gòu)函數(shù);然而,將delete[]用于buffer時(shí),不會(huì)為使用布局new操作符創(chuàng)建的對(duì)象調(diào)用析構(gòu)函數(shù)。
為確定兩個(gè)單元不重疊,可以這樣做:
pc1 = new (buffer) JustTesting; pc3 = new (buffer + sizeof(JustTesting)) JustTesting("Better Idea", 6);
其中指針pc3相對(duì)于pc1的偏移量為JustTesting對(duì)象的大小
第二個(gè)教訓(xùn)是,如果使用placement new操作符來(lái)為對(duì)象分配內(nèi)存,必須確保其析構(gòu)函數(shù)被調(diào)用,但如何確保呢?
例如,在堆中創(chuàng)建的對(duì)象,可以這樣做:
delete pc2;
然而,對(duì)于使用placement new操作符創(chuàng)建的對(duì)象,不能像下面一樣調(diào)用delete
delete pc1; // NO!!!
原因在于delete可與常規(guī)new操作符配合使用,但不能與placement new操作符配合使用。
那么我們要顯示調(diào)用析構(gòu)函數(shù),必須指定要銷毀的對(duì)象:
pc3->~JustTesting(); // destroy object pointed to by pc3
int main(void) { char *buffer = new char[BUF]; // get a block of memory JustTesting *pc1, *pc2; pc1 = new (buffer) JustTesting; // place object in buffer pc2 = new JustTesting("Heap1", 20); // place object on heap cout << "Memory block addresses: /n" << "buffer: " << (void *)buffer << " heap: " << pc2 << endl; cout << "Memory contents: "; cout << pc1 << ": "; pc1->Show(); cout << pc2 << ": "; pc2->Show(); JustTesting *pc3, *pc4; // fix placement new location pc3 = new (buffer + sizeof(JustTesting)) JustTesting("better Idea", 6); pc4 = new JustTesting("Heap2", 10); cout << "Memory contents: "; cout << pc3 << ": "; pc3->Show(); cout << pc4 << ": "; pc4->Show(); delete pc2; // free heap1 delete pc4; // free heap2 // explicitly destroy placement new object pc3->~JustTesting(); // destroy object pointed to by pc3 pc1->~JustTesting(); // destroy object pointed to by pc1 delete []buffer; // free buffer cout << "Done/n"; return 0; }
感謝閱讀,希望能幫助到大家,謝謝大家對(duì)本站的支持!
上一篇:c語(yǔ)言_構(gòu)建一個(gè)靜態(tài)二叉樹(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)方法
欄 目:C語(yǔ)言
下一篇:C語(yǔ)言使用openSSL庫(kù)DES模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)加密功能詳解
本文標(biāo)題:C++ 中placement new 操作符使用方法
本文地址:http://mengdiqiu.com.cn/a1/Cyuyan/1527.html
您可能感興趣的文章
- 04-02func函數(shù)+在C語(yǔ)言 func函數(shù)在c語(yǔ)言中
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言中對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的表達(dá)式 c語(yǔ)言中對(duì)數(shù)怎么表達(dá)
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言沒(méi)有round函數(shù) round c語(yǔ)言
- 04-02C語(yǔ)言中怎么打出三角函數(shù) c語(yǔ)言中怎么打出三角函數(shù)的值
- 01-10深入理解C++中常見(jiàn)的關(guān)鍵字含義
- 01-10使用C++實(shí)現(xiàn)全排列算法的方法詳解
- 01-10深入Main函數(shù)中的參數(shù)argc,argv的使用詳解
- 01-10APUE筆記之:進(jìn)程環(huán)境詳解
- 01-10c++中inline的用法分析
- 01-10如何尋找數(shù)組中的第二大數(shù)


閱讀排行
- 1C語(yǔ)言 while語(yǔ)句的用法詳解
- 2java 實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單圣誕樹(shù)的示例代碼(圣誕
- 3利用C語(yǔ)言實(shí)現(xiàn)“百馬百擔(dān)”問(wèn)題方法
- 4C語(yǔ)言中計(jì)算正弦的相關(guān)函數(shù)總結(jié)
- 5c語(yǔ)言計(jì)算三角形面積代碼
- 6什么是 WSH(腳本宿主)的詳細(xì)解釋
- 7C++ 中隨機(jī)函數(shù)random函數(shù)的使用方法
- 8正則表達(dá)式匹配各種特殊字符
- 9C語(yǔ)言十進(jìn)制轉(zhuǎn)二進(jìn)制代碼實(shí)例
- 10C語(yǔ)言查找數(shù)組里數(shù)字重復(fù)次數(shù)的方法
本欄相關(guān)
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言函數(shù)調(diào)用后清空內(nèi)存 c語(yǔ)言調(diào)用
- 04-02func函數(shù)+在C語(yǔ)言 func函數(shù)在c語(yǔ)言中
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言的正則匹配函數(shù) c語(yǔ)言正則表達(dá)
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言用函數(shù)寫(xiě)分段 用c語(yǔ)言表示分段
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言中對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的表達(dá)式 c語(yǔ)言中對(duì)
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)函數(shù)冒泡排序 c語(yǔ)言冒泡排
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言沒(méi)有round函數(shù) round c語(yǔ)言
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言分段函數(shù)怎么求 用c語(yǔ)言求分段
- 04-02C語(yǔ)言中怎么打出三角函數(shù) c語(yǔ)言中怎
- 04-02c語(yǔ)言調(diào)用函數(shù)求fibo C語(yǔ)言調(diào)用函數(shù)求
隨機(jī)閱讀
- 01-10SublimeText編譯C開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境設(shè)置
- 01-10delphi制作wav文件的方法
- 01-11Mac OSX 打開(kāi)原生自帶讀寫(xiě)NTFS功能(圖文
- 08-05DEDE織夢(mèng)data目錄下的sessions文件夾有什
- 01-10C#中split用法實(shí)例總結(jié)
- 04-02jquery與jsp,用jquery
- 08-05織夢(mèng)dedecms什么時(shí)候用欄目交叉功能?
- 01-10使用C語(yǔ)言求解撲克牌的順子及n個(gè)骰子
- 08-05dedecms(織夢(mèng))副欄目數(shù)量限制代碼修改
- 01-11ajax實(shí)現(xiàn)頁(yè)面的局部加載